Solar panels convert daylight into electricity, reducing your reliance on the National Grid and cutting your monthly bills. They are made of silicon and work on light, not just heat, so while they are most efficient in direct sun, they still generate power on cloudy UK days.
Choosing your panel type
- Solar PV (Photovoltaic): The most common choice. These power your appliances and lighting.
- Solar thermal: A lesser-used option used specifically to heat your water. These take up less roof space but typically have a shorter lifespan and higher maintenance needs.
While standard panels are black or blue, you can now opt for coloured panels to match your roof (though these usually cost more). Newer tech, like transparent window panels, exists but isn't yet efficient or cost-effective enough for most UK homes.
Solar panels (also known as solar photovoltaics, or PV) convert sunlight into electricity. Modern panels are incredibly efficient at capturing diffused light, meaning they still generate power on typically overcast British days.
- 1Capturing sunlight: Solar panels are made of cells containing semi-conducting materials. When light hits these cells, it creates an electrical field.
- 2Conversion: The panels produce Direct Current (DC) electricity. Since your home runs on Alternating Current (AC), the power is sent to a small box called an inverter to be converted.
- 3Powering your home: This electricity flows into your consumer unit (fuse box) to power your lights, appliances, and gadgets.
- 4The grid connection: If you generate more power than you need, the excess flows back into the National Grid. If you need more than you're generating (like at night), you simply pull electricity from the grid as normal.